The paper has two parts. The first examines critically the assumption that the Christian singing known as ψαλτική (hereafter psaltiki) is or can be an autonomous science. The second is about the same singing, but as a subject of teaching and learning. In the first part, the focus is on the fundamental modern understanding of what is science as crucial for the general methodological question facing vocal musical phenomena. The second is focused on psaltiki as an oral tradition which has to be approached systematically by means of a proper method. Thus, the two parts are organized from the general to the particular. This following of the "objective approach" is an attempt to recognize the individual and characteristic place of psaltiki in musicology without, at the same time, excluding it from the general field of any science and, consequently, from the field of (musical) hermeneutics.